int lshift_x(int x, int k) { return x << k; }
int lshift_0(int x) { return x << 0; }
int lshift_1(int x) { return x << 1; }
int lshift_2(int x) { return x << 2; }
int lshift_3(int x) { return x << 3; }
int lshift_6(int x) { return x << 6; }

int rshift_x(int x, int k) { return x >> k; }
int rshift_0(int x) { return x >> 0; }
int rshift_1(int x) { return x >> 1; }
int rshift_2(int x) { return x >> 2; }
int rshift_3(int x) { return x >> 3; }
int rshift_7(int x) { return x >> 7; }